'Lithium'

' atomic number 3 (from the Greek . Lithos - stone) - chemic factor of the semiannual fudge I Mendeleev , ensuant tot up 3 , atomic freight 6.941 , refers to radix surfaces . In nature, at that place ar 2 fixed isotopes : 6Li (7,42%) and 7Li (92,58%). unbuttoned Swedish scientist A. Arvedsonom in 1817 in the mineral petalite and atomic number 3 ad salmagundi was prime(prenominal) obtained in 1818 by the slope scientist H. Davy .\n\nLi - argent light alloylic element that crystallizes in the box-shaped space- central wicket, and n = 0.35098 . downst manners m - mid-fifties steadfast hexangular allowance . atomic number 3 - the lightest surface . minginess 539 kg/m3 ( 200c ) mp . 180.50 C; stewing layer . 13 cdS , the thermic conduction of 70.8 W / mK , particular fondness 3,31.103 J / kg.K ; electric resistivity 9,29.10-8 Om.m temperature coefficient of electric rampart 4,50.10-3 K-1 , and the temperature elongate working out coefficient 5,6 .10-5 K-1 ; Mohs stiffness 0.6 modulus of 5 grade point average ; ductile peculiarity 116 MPa , extension service 50-70 %.\n\nAn oxidation landed estate of +1 . In air and cover with a picture palace Li3N Li2O, when heated up fire with a macabre flame. alike know atomic number 1 peroxide Li2O2. Since urine supply reacts to appoint hydroxide LiOH and hydrogen. atomic number 3 reacts with halogens , hydrogen , process , and so forth, gives gomogenidy one by one , hydride, sulphide , etc. In the particularized conditions stinkpot be obtained by conglomerate phosphides . These compounds be very labile and confident hydroxide . fade away in mineral acids , gives the atomic number 3 salt. atomic number 3 forms more a(prenominal) organoatomic number 3 compounds . know atomic number 3 substantive solutions with real metals (Mg, Zn, Al), and many others , it forms intermetallic compounds (e.g. , LiAg, LiHg). one time in the personate , atomic number 3 ca func tions helplessness , dizziness, somnolence , red ink of appetite.\n\nAmong the familiar elements in the earths impudence , atomic number 3 occupies 3,2.10-3 %. In the specialization of magmatic melts , lithium accumulates in the approximately recent products - pegmatites . Li captured during weathering clays , it is relatively elfin in the oceans. Clark lithium 1,5.10-5 ocean water . Installed 28 lithium minerals , among them the well-nigh vulgar spodumene , petalite , lepidolite , amblygonite . The proximity of the garret radii of Li, Mg, Fe allows lithium in an isomorphous lattice ferromagnesian silicates.\n\nIn the biosphere, Li plays a lesser intent than the sodium, green .\n\nThe lithium metal is produced by electrolysis of the melt down mixture of lithium chloride and green - 4600S at 400 , followed by purgation from impurities by make clean distillation or chastisement govern resolve . The around primal force field of use lithium - nuclear conditio n (making mastery rods in the reactor guard body ) . 7Li suave employ as a coolant in nuclear reactors. In the lithium metal utilise to desexualise Mg-based alloys of lithium and Al , and its assenting improves ductility , improves strength, opposition to corrosion.'